![]() ![]() ![]() The superior temporal gyrus includes an area (within the lateral fissure) where auditory signals from the cochlea first reach the cerebral cortex and are processed by the primary auditory cortex in the left temporal lobe. The primary auditory cortex receives sensory information from the ears and secondary areas process the information into meaningful units such as speech and words. The temporal lobe is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex. : 349 Processing sensory input Auditory Adjacent areas in the superior, posterior, and lateral parts of the temporal lobes are involved in high-level auditory processing. The temporal lobe communicates with the hippocampus and plays a key role in the formation of explicit long-term memory modulated by the amygdala. Research has shown that lesions in the hippocampus of monkeys results in limited impairment of function, whereas extensive lesions that include the hippocampus and the medial temporal cortex result in severe impairment. : 21 The prefrontal and visual cortices are also involved in explicit memory. : 196 The hippocampus is critical for memory formation, and the surrounding medial temporal cortex is currently theorized to be critical for memory storage. : 194 Medial temporal lobe structures that are critical for long-term memory include the hippocampus, along with the surrounding hippocampal region consisting of the perirhinal, parahippocampal, and entorhinal neocortical regions. Declarative (denotative) or explicit memory is conscious memory divided into semantic memory (facts) and episodic memory (events). The temporal lobe consists of structures that are vital for declarative or long-term memory. : 21 Temporal refers to the head's temples. The temporal lobe is involved in processing sensory input into derived meanings for the appropriate retention of visual memory, language comprehension, and emotion association. The temporal lobe is located beneath the lateral fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain. The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. ![]()
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